Are you preparing for a BGP-focused network engineer interview?Whether you’re a fresher brushing up on the basics or an experienced engineer revising the key concepts — this guide is designed just for you. In this post, I’ve compiled 50 essential BGP interview questions, each answered in a concise, easy-to-understand format. The goal?To give you a … Read more
If you’re looking to integrate a FortiGate firewall into your GNS3 setup for realistic network simulations, you’re in the right place! In this guide, I’ll take you through the steps to add the FortiGate 7.0.9 version to your GNS3 environment. For this setup, I am using GNS3 version 2.2.38 and VMware Workstation version 16.2.4. Required … Read more
Auto Discovery Virtual Private Network ADVPN is an IKE and IPsec-based solution that enables direct connectivity between all sites by creating on-demand tunnels between spokes. It offers the benefits of a full-mesh topology while ensuring scalability with minimal configuration. With ADVPN, spoke-to-spoke traffic no longer has to pass through the hub. In this blog, we’ll … Read more
To understand easily we will use the below lab setup – Now, let’s begin the configuration with the first step. 1. OSPF, MPLS, and LDP configuration on the MPLS Core routers (R1 to R5): 1.1 MPLS Label Range Assignment To simplify understanding of MPLS label allocation, we will assign a specific label range to each … Read more
In this guide, we will walk through the steps required to access the FortiGate firewall’s Graphical User Interface (GUI) from the GNS3 simulator. Whether you’re a beginner or looking to refine your skills, this tutorial will help you get started with managing your FortiGate firewall efficiently. Simply follow the steps outlined below to access the … Read more
Have you ever wondered how to simulate real-world internet access scenarios in a virtual environment? In this blog, I’ll show you how to seamlessly configure a FortiGate firewall in GNS3, transforming your lab setup into a powerful tool for mastering network security. By the end of this guide, you’ll learn how to create a lab … Read more
Why Is My Router Not Forwarding Packets — Even Though the Route Exists? “I’ve configured the route. It shows in the table. So why is the traffic still not flowing?” If you’ve asked yourself this question — probably while stress-refreshing a ping or blaming the firewall (again) — you’re not alone. It’s one of the … Read more
We’ve all been there. The network breaks, users complain, apps stop working… and your brain goes: “Wait, is this a routing issue or a switching issue?” It’s a common challenge. Routing and switching are two sides of the same coin — and when something breaks, the symptoms can look the same. But treating one like … Read more
You’re looking at your router’s configuration, trying to figure out why traffic is going a certain way. You’ve configured static routes, OSPF is running, maybe even EIGRP is chiming in. Suddenly, you’re asking yourself: “Wait… the route is there, but it’s not being used. Is it because of administrative distance? Or is it about the … Read more
You can ping the server. You can traceroute to the destination. But the app still doesn’t work. Why? You’ve ruled out routing, so now you’re stuck asking: “If ping works, why is the app still failing?” Great question — and one that every network admin, engineer, or IT support person has faced. In this blog, … Read more